One of the questions I get asked most often by backyard bird enthusiasts is, "Paul, is there really such a thing as a squirrel-proof bird feeder?"

The short answer is yes.

The longer answer is that while there are some excellent squirrel-proof feeders on the market, you may occasionally need to make a few adjustments to find the exact sweet spot that keeps those inquisitive and persistent squirrels from helping themselves to your bird seed buffet.

If you've spent any time watching squirrels, you already know they are remarkably intelligent, determined, athletic, and endlessly entertaining. Unfortunately, those same qualities can make them incredibly frustrating when they're emptying a feeder that was intended for the birds.

Over the years, I've learned that success with squirrel-proof feeders depends on two things: choosing the right feeder and hanging it properly.

The Two 12-Inch Rules

Whenever someone asks me how to select a squirrel-proof feeder, I always start with what I call the "Two 12-Inch Rules."

The first rule involves the feeder itself.

The squirrel-proof mechanism on most quality feeders works by using the squirrel's weight to close off access to the feeding ports. For this system to work properly, the squirrel must be fully on the feeder when it attempts to feed.

That means the distance from where a squirrel can hang onto the feeder to the feeding perch should be greater than 12 inches. If the squirrel can simply stretch from the top of the feeder to reach the feeding ports without putting its full weight on the feeder, the closing mechanism may never activate. The second rule concerns placement.

Your feeder should be positioned at least 12 inches away from any tree trunk, fence, deck railing, post, or other structure that a squirrel can grab while reaching toward the feeder.

I've seen squirrels perform some astonishing gymnastics over the years. If they can keep one foot on a tree trunk or wrap their tail around a nearby branch while reaching for the feeder, they'll often find a way to avoid triggering the squirrel-proof mechanism.

Following these two simple rules dramatically improves your chances of success.

My Favourite Squirrel-Proof Feeder

After trying many different designs over the years, my personal favourite remains the Squirrel Buster Plus with the optional Cardinal Ring perch. There are several reasons why I recommend it so often.

First, the squirrel-proof mechanism simply works. When a squirrel climbs onto the feeder, its weight causes a shroud to slide down and block access to the feeding ports. The feeder is sensitive enough to deter squirrels while still allowing even larger songbirds to feed comfortably.

Second, it holds a generous amount of seed, which means fewer refills. That's particularly important during the busy winter feeding season when hungry birds are visiting constantly.

Third, the construction is extremely durable. A quality feeder is an investment, and I've found the Squirrel Buster Plus stands up very well to years of use and weather exposure and comes with a lifetime manufacturer warranty.

What really makes this feeder shine for me, however, is the optional Cardinal Ring.

Many bird lovers enjoy attracting Northern Cardinals, but cardinals can sometimes be hesitant to use small forward feeding perches. The larger circular perch provides a comfortable feeding platform that cardinals love. It also accommodates grosbeaks, jays, and other larger songbirds while maintaining the feeder's squirrel-resistant design.

If cardinals are among your favourite backyard visitors, the Cardinal Ring is worth considering.

Another Excellent Choice

I'm also a big fan of the slightly smaller Squirrel Buster Standard.

For many backyard birders, the Standard is actually the perfect choice.

It uses the same proven squirrel-proof technology as its larger cousin but in a more compact design. It's ideal for smaller yards, patios, balconies, or locations where you don't need to offer large quantities of seed.

Because it holds less seed, the contents stay fresher, particularly during warmer weather. It is also somewhat lighter and easier to handle during refilling and cleaning.

If you're just getting started with bird feeding or have a modest-sized feeding station, the Squirrel Buster Standard is an excellent option.  

I also strongly recommend using sunflower hearts in the Squirrel Buster Feeders, which ensures no seed or shells fall to the ground……less cleanup-up under your feeder and less waste to attract rodents.

Consider Safflower Seed

Even with a squirrel-proof feeder, there are additional strategies that can help reduce squirrel activity.

One of my favourites is switching to safflower seed.

Many of our most popular feeder birds—including cardinals, chickadees, nuthatches, and finches—will readily eat safflower. Squirrels, however, are generally much less enthusiastic.

The outer shell of safflower has a bitter taste that many squirrels find unappealing. While some particularly determined squirrels may sample it, most quickly decide there are tastier options elsewhere.

Safflower can be especially effective if you've been battling persistent squirrels that seem willing to spend all day trying to access your feeders.

An added bonus is that grackles and starlings often show less interest in safflower than they do in sunflower seed.

Don't Overlook Cage Feeders

Another excellent solution is a cage-style feeder designed specifically for smaller birds.

These feeders surround the seed ports with a metal cage that allows chickadees, nuthatches, titmice, finches, and other small songbirds to enter while preventing larger animals from reaching the food.

The cage openings are carefully sized so that squirrels can't squeeze through.

Many people initially worry that birds won't use a cage feeder. In my experience, most small birds adapt very quickly. Once they discover the food source, they learn that the cage provides a safe feeding environment away from larger competitors.

Cage feeders can be particularly useful in areas with heavy squirrel pressure or where larger birds are monopolizing the feeding station.

A Little Patience Goes a Long Way

One final thought.

Even the best squirrel-proof feeder may require a little fine-tuning when you first install it. You might need to move it a foot farther from a branch, raise it slightly, lower it slightly, or relocate it to a different pole.

Don't get discouraged if a squirrel succeeds during the first few days.

Think of it as a game of backyard chess. Squirrels are constantly looking for opportunities, and sometimes it takes a bit of experimentation to eliminate every possible route to the feeder.

Once you find that sweet spot, however, you'll be amazed at how effective a quality squirrel-proof feeder can be.

The reward is a feeding station where the birds get the lion's share of the seed, your feeder stays full longer, and you can spend more time enjoying your feathered visitors instead of refilling feeders emptied by furry acrobats.

And while I have great respect for squirrels and their remarkable abilities, I still prefer that the bird seed I buy ends up feeding the birds.

By Paul Oliver

Founder of Urban Nature Store